https://www.vetnurse.co.uk/nursing/w/vet-nurse-revision_1/518/the-cardiovascular-systemWelcome to the Revision Guide for Student Nurses (Part I) by Vanessa Bird VN. This guide contains notes, self-test questionnaires and practical tasks to help you through your exams (Level 2 NVQ), and to use as a reference afterwards.April 2009. Importen-USTelligent Community 10https://www.vetnurse.co.uk/nursing/w/vet-nurse-revision_1/518/the-cardiovascular-systemThu, 02 Apr 2009 15:22:00 GMT1a0763ec-3885-442c-853e-6cef656dfec5:0a21764d-be97-40b1-9b24-6bfd532790e1Arlo Guthriehttps://www.vetnurse.co.uk/nursing/w/vet-nurse-revision_1/518/the-cardiovascular-system#commentsCurrent Revision posted to Revision Guide For Student Nurses - Part 1 by Arlo Guthrie on 4/2/2009 3:22:00 PM<br /> <p><strong>QUESTIONS</strong></p> <ol class="wikiextraspace"> <li>What is another name for the circulatory system? </li> <li>Name 2 other systems that are a part of the circulatory system? </li> <li>What is meant by the pulmonary circulation? </li> <li>What is meant by the systemic circulation? </li> <li>What is the collective name of the large vessels that carry blood away from the heart? </li> <li>What is the collective name of the very small, thin-walled blood vessels that lie within the tissues and allow oxygen exchange? </li> <li>What is the correct name for capillary bleeding? </li> <li>What is the difference between an artery and an arteriole? </li> <li>What is the difference between a vein and a venule? </li> <li>What structures are present in veins but not in arteries? </li> <li>List the 3 arteries that possess &quot;end arteries&quot; rather than a capillary bed. </li> <li>Give 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of end arteries over a capillary bed. </li> <li>List 8 functions of the blood. </li> <li>What is the pH of blood? </li> <li>What percentage of the body weight is comprised of blood? </li> <li>State 2 ways in which arterial blood differs from venous blood. </li> <li>What is the name of the straw coloured fluid in which the blood cells (corpuscles) are suspended? </li> <li>List the 6 components of plasma. </li> <li>List the 3 main types of blood cell. </li> <li>What is the main function of the erythrocytes? </li> <li>List 3 immature forms of red blood cell. </li> <li>List 4 properties of adult red blood cells. </li> <li>What is the name of the substance secreted by the kidney in response to low oxygen levels within the kidneys? </li> <li>In adult animals, erythrocytes are only produced by the bone marrow. In the foetus however, they are also produced elsewhere. State the locations. </li> <li>Where in the body are spent erythrocytes broken down? </li> <li>What is another name for the granulocytes? </li> <li>What are the 2 main groups of white cells? </li> <li>What is the name of the tissue from which all the granulocytes and monocytes are produced? </li> <li>Briefly state the function of the following cell types: neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils. </li> <li>Briefly describe the function of the following cell types: lymphocytes and monocytes. </li> <li>What is another name for the platelets? </li> <li>What is the name of the type of cell from which platelets are derived? </li> <li>Briefly describe the 4 main stages involved in the formation of a blood clot. </li> <li>What is the difference between serum and plasma? </li> <li>Which of the fat-soluble vitamins is required for the manufacture of prothrombin? </li> <li>What is an anticoagulant? </li> <li>How many chambers does the heart possess? </li> <li>Define the following: pericardium and myocardium. </li> <li>The valves of the heart prevent the back-flow of blood and consist of fibrous flaps called cusps. Can you name the valves of the heart and state the amount of cusps possessed by each? </li> <li>Name the structures responsible for the restriction of the movement of the atrio-ventricular valves. </li> <li>List the 5 structures that contribute to the conduction mechanism of the heart (this allows rhythmic contraction without a constant nerve supply). </li> <li>Define systole and diastole. </li> <li>What is meant by the pulse? </li> <li>What is the name given to the strong, jerky pulse often associated with valvular insufficiency or congenital heart defects such as ductus arteriosus? </li> <li>What is mediate auscultation? </li> <li>Clinical examination of a patient with a suspected heart problem often begins with mediate auscultation. What other instruments or equipment might be useful in aiding the diagnosis? </li> <li>When listening to the heart, you will hear a &quot;lub-dup&quot; sound. What is responsible for this? </li> <li>State the normal heart rate for the cat and dog. </li> <li>What is the term used to describe a higher than normal heart rate? </li> <li>What is the term used to describe a lower than normal heart rate? </li> <li>What is an arrhythmia? </li> <li>What is sinus arrhythmia? </li> </ol><div style="clear:both;"></div>